1、 Trend analysis
Copper prices experienced a unilateral downward trend in June. At the beginning of the month, the copper price was 104911.67 yuan/ton. At the end of the month, the copper price fell to 101625 yuan/ton, with an overall decrease of 3.13% and a year-on-year increase of 28.82%.
The copper spot price in June was higher than the main contract price. As the end of the month approaches, the main composite price of copper is higher than the spot price of copper, indicating that copper prices will be under pressure in the future.
According to LME inventory, LME copper inventory fell significantly in June. As of the end of the month, LME copper inventory was 336475 tons, a decrease of 12.84% from the beginning of the month.
Macroscopically, the core PCE of the United States rose to 3.4% year-on-year in May, and the overall PCE reached 4.1%, a new high in nearly two years. The expectation of the Federal Reserve raising interest rates has reignited, and the probability of a rate hike in September has exceeded 50%. The European and Japanese central banks tightened slightly simultaneously, and the US dollar index continued to strengthen, which significantly suppressed the financial properties of copper. However, the temporary agreement between the United States and Iran has eased oil prices and partially eased inflationary pressures, and there is a marginal possibility of easing macroeconomic bearish sentiment.
Supply side: Copper concentrate processing fee TC has fallen to a historical low of -120.7 US dollars/ton, and the shortage in the mining side continues to intensify. During the June smelting maintenance season, high sulfuric acid prices supported smelting profits. The estimated production of electrolytic copper was 1.1684 million tons, a decrease of only 0.09% compared to the previous month, but still an increase of 2.95% year-on-year. Wet smelting is approaching the breakeven line, and if sulfuric acid falls back in the future, the risk of production reduction at the smelting end will significantly increase.
Downstream: After copper prices fell, downstream prices became active, and the operating rate of refined copper rods increased by 1.6 percentage points month on month, exceeding expectations and rebounding. Electricity infrastructure investment maintains double-digit growth and remains the core pillar of demand. However, copper used in construction continues to shrink, and the home appliances and new energy sectors have shown weak performance due to previous overdrafts. Terminal consumption presents a pattern of “resilient demand but weak ability to chase growth”.
Comprehensive analysis of influencing factors
The US 232 copper tariff policy will be announced before the end of June, which is the biggest uncertainty variable of this month. Driven by expectations, COMEX inventory has risen to over 650000 tons, while LME inventory has dropped to around 350000 tons. The divergence in inventory trends between the two regions has become the most prominent feature of the market. The domestic social inventory is slowly decreasing to around 210000 tons, and the overall situation is in a destocking channel.
In summary, if the 232 tariff is ultimately implemented, copper prices are expected to once again hit above $14000 per ton; If the policy falls short of expectations, closing arbitrage positions may trigger a pullback. Short term copper prices are fluctuating and bottoming out around 100000 yuan/ton, with macro interest rate pressures and supply constraints from the mining sector playing against each other. In the medium to long term, the weakening of supply elasticity and the growth of structural demand coexist, and the copper price center is expected to maintain a high level of operation.
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